The Ilyushin Il-14 aircraft was designed by a team led by Sergei Ilyushin, and was an improved variant of the Il-12, which had been designed as a successor to the DC-3 and Li-2 aircraft. The prototype’s maiden flight took place on 20 September 1950.
The new aircraft had an almost unchanged fuselage, but the wings and the shape of the vertical tail were different. Engines with greater power and lower fuel consumption were also installed. Initially, the 18-seat version designated Il-14P was produced. In 1956, a version with an elongated fuselage was developed, initially carrying 24, and later 28 or even 32 passengers along with a four-person crew. The transport version was designated Il-14G or Il-14T. The military version, Il-14D, was intended for airborne operations.
Between 1954 and 1960, a total of 3,500 aircraft were built. In the former German Democratic Republic, 80 Il-14P versions were built under licence. In Czechoslovakia, 200 aircraft were produced under licence under the designation Avia AV-14. A 42-seat version designated Avia AV-14 Super and a photogrammetric version with an extended, glazed nose were also built in Czechoslovakia.
Il-14 aircraft were used in the civil aviation of the USSR and socialist countries. Poland purchased Il-14 aircraft for LOT Polish Airlines and the military air force. These aircraft served, among others, at the Higher Officers’ Aviation School in Deblin, and individual specimens were also used for other purposes.
The exhibited specimen, an Il-14S, is a luxuriously equipped VIP salon aircraft belonging to the 36th Special Air Transport Regiment. The airframe was built in 1959 in East Germany. After completing its service, the aircraft was transferred to the Museum’s collection in 1987.
| Wingspan | 31.7 m |
| Length | 21.3 m |
| Takeoff weight | 17250 kg |
| Maximum speed | 430 km/h |
| Ceiling | 7400 m |
| Range | 1500 km |
| Armament | – |
| Engine | 2 x radial ASz-82T 1900 hp (1397 kW) |
